Specialty Trade Contractors
Source: BLS SOII + CFOI · Rates derived from NAICS 23 sector data · Per 100 FTE workers
2022 Rates
BLS SOII + CFOI · Per 100 FTE except fatal rate4-Year Trend
| Year | TRIR | DART | DAFW |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 1.8 |
| 2020 | 3.6 | 2.4 | 1.7 |
| 2021 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 1.7 |
| 2022(latest) | 3.3 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
Rates derived from NAICS 23 sector data. BLS SOII publishes granular subsector rates in supplemental tables — available via API.
Causes & Nature of Incidents
NAICS 23 sector-level data · CFOI + SOII 2022
Falls from roofs, scaffolding, ladders — leading cause in construction since 1992
Struck by vehicle in work zones, heavy equipment crashes
Struck by, caught in/between — OSHA Fatal Four
Electrocution — OSHA Fatal Four; also silica, asbestos disturbance
Workforce Demographics
Fatal injury rates by age and race/ethnicity. Source: BLS CFOI 2022, national private industry data.
Younger workers — lower fatal rate but highest non-fatal rate
Rising risk as workers take on heavier roles
Near national average
Above national average
Significantly elevated — experience does not offset physical risk
Highest fatal injury rate of any age group
Overrepresented in high-hazard sectors; construction and agriculture disparity is significant
Highest rate of any racial/ethnic group; concentrated in extractive and construction industries
Above average; disproportionately represented in transportation and service sector fatalities
Near national private industry average
Below national average; occupational distribution skews toward lower-hazard sectors
Hispanic/Latino workers represent approximately 30% of the U.S. construction workforce but account for roughly 40% of construction fatalities — the most significant racial disparity of any major sector. Black/African American workers face above-average fatal injury rates in construction relative to their share of the workforce.
OSHA Enforcement
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OSHA's enforcement database includes full inspection history, citation details, and penalty amounts for NAICS 238 establishments nationwide.
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